Hydrocarbon-burner.



No. 713,697. Patented Nov, la, 1962.-,`

H. n. sEAmma.

HYDROCARBUN BURNER.

Application led Mar. 10, 1902.)

(No Model.)

ltlnlrn Stratus Partnr HUDSON R. SEARING, OF BAYONNE, NEW' JERSEY.

HYDROCARBONn-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 713,697', datedNovember 18, 1902.

Application filed March 10J 1902.

T0 al whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUDSON R. SEARING, a citizen of the United States,residing in Bayonne city, Hudson county, and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, ofwhich the following is a specification ,sufflcient to enable othersskilled in the art to which the invention appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to burners for fluid hydrocarbon, and while adaptedto effect the perfect and economical combustion of hydrocarbons ofhigher grade is equally effective for the consumption of the lowergrades of hydrocarbons, as fuel-oil, dro. Y

My invention is designed to afford a simple and cheap burner made almostentirely of commercial fittings that may be easily procured andduplicated when necessary; to attain the perfect combustion of theliquid fuel by causing it to impinge against the apex of a hollow coneof steam or air, or both, so as to completely atomize the oil at thepoint of ignition; to provide for the convenient and accurate adjustmentof the parts with relation to each other, and to afford advantages ofconstruction and operation hereinafter more fully set forth.

The invention consists in the combination and arrangement of partshereinafter described and claimed specifically.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a horizontal section uponplane of line l l, Fig. 3, showing aplan of myimproved burner. Fig. 2 isan elevation of the inner end of the burner partly in section. Fig. 3 isa sectional elevation taken upon plane of line 3 3, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is asection on plane of line 4 4, Fig. 3, showing the rear of the burner.Fig. 5 is a section upon plane of line 5 5, Fig. l; Fig. 6, an elevationof the induction-tube.

In carrying out my invention in actual use I design to use commercialfittings as far as practicable in order to simplify and cheapen theconstruction and facilitate the duplication or renewal of parts whennecessary. Thus in the construction shown in the accompanying drawingsthe iaring outer end piece A is the only part cast or formed speciallyfor the burner, the other parts consisting of commercial tubing, valves,joints,

Serial No. 97,566. (No model.)

plugs, duc., adapted to this special use. It is to be understood that Ido notconine myself strictly to the identical form and construction ofparts shown, since they may be made specially and modified in formwithout departing from the spirit and intent of my invention, thedrawings and description herein for convenience and simplicity beingconfined to parts which are commercially available, as before stated.

The flaring outer end piece A has a central bearing o, supported by theradial arms a and formed with a female screw-thread for engagement withthe male screw-thread Z2, formed on the outer end of the oil-tube B, theinner end of which (some distance back of its extremity) is supportedand centralized by radial screws c c c, engaging with female threadsformed in the walls of the air-induction tube C, the outer extremity ofwhich screws fit into the flaring end piece A.,V In this connection itis to be noted that the eX- treme outer edges of the air-induction tubeO are curved or beveled, as at c', so as to merge gradually with theinner surface of the ilaring end piece, and thereby avoid an abruptannular shoulder at this point, which would tend to create an eddy ordisturbance in the air-current passing through the air-induction tube O.

The outer end of the oil-tube B screws into the rectangular union D,provided with the plugs d d', by unscrewing one of which, d, access maybe had to the oil-tube B for the purpose of cleaning the same, ifnecessary. Connected with the union D is the supplypipe E, provided witha graduated valve e for controlling the iiow of oil.

Theannular edge c2 of the inner end of the air-tube C is beveled orinclined at an angle with relation to the longitudinal axis of thetubeand back of the beveled edge the tube is reduced in diameterexternally as far as the screw-thread c3,which latter engages with thefemale screwf, formed in the jacket F.

The annular inner edge f' of the jacket is inclined or beveled tocorrespond to the annular edge c2 of the air-induction tube C, andbetween this beveled edge f and the screw-thread f the interior of thejacket is increased in internal diameter, so as to form an annular spaceor chamber g, surrounding the lzo end of the air-induction tube C. Intothis annular chamber g open one or more ports g',

connected with piping, by which steam or airi under pressure may beintroduced into said annular space g.

The construction of the parts to create the annular space g mayobviously be varied by resort to many mechanical expedients, and I donot restrict myself in this respect. However, a simple and cheap way ofattai-ning the annular space g is to turn down and remove the threadedend of the air-pipe C, leaving only the portion of thread c3 forengagement with the screw-thread f remaining on the jacket F, thegreater portion of the internal screw-thread originally formed in thelatter having been likewise removed, so that between the two opposedsurfaces of air-pipe and jacket an annular cylindrical space of amplearea is created. As arranged in the drawings the space g is connected byjoints h h h2 and elbows t' t" 'i2 with a union J, coupling with thepipe K, which latter is provided with a valve L for controlling thesupply of air or steam to the annular chamber g.

The adjustment of the beveled edges c2 and f with relation to each otherto control the area of the annular opening g2 is effected by turning theair induction tube Within the jacket F, and the adjustment of the end ofthe oil-tube B with relation to the inclined annular opening g2 is alsoaccomplished by turning the oil-tube B in its screw-bearing a in theflaring end piece A The centralization of the oil-tube B by means of theradial screws c c c is obvious. It is to be noted in this connectionthat the points of connection between the oil-tube and the air-tube andflaring end piece are well back of the point of combustion, and arehence kept relatively cool.

The operation is as follows: The parts being adjusted as required by theconditions of use and the character of the oil to be used being` suchthat air alone is desired to effect the complete combustion of thehydrocarbon, air at the requisite pressure is admitted through the valveL and connections to the annular chamber g and passes out through theannular opening g2, formed by the lips c2 andf' in the form of a hollowcone, impinging at the apex, as indicated by the dotted arrows in Fig.5. As a result, a partial vacuum or suction is created and maintained inthe tube C and the, atmosphere rushes in through the flaring end pieceA. The fueloil being turned on to the proper degree by means of thegraduated valveeisinjectedinto the hollow cone of escaping compressedair, impinging therewith at the apex of the cone and being therebyeffectually atomized and mingled with the air, so that when ignitedperfect combustion will occur and will continue so long as theseconditions are maintained, the combined effects of the combustion andthe air-blast being to draw in and absorb large quantities of air fromthe atmosphere through the air-tube C and its flaring end piece A. Bythus affording what may be designated as an excess of oxygen I amenabled to successfully consume certain refractory oils withoutcarbonization or other objectionable products of combustion. Underordinary conditions of use, however, I prefer to use steam underpressure in lieu of the compressed air, as above described. this casethe action is substantially the same, excepting that the decompositionof the steam increases the proportion of hydrogen in the flame, the airsucked in through the tube C being relied upon to afford a sufficientsupply of oxygen to effect the perfect reduction of all combustibleelements present.

By my peculiar construction and arrangement of parts I avoid thecarbonization of the oil, since the air drawn in through the tube Ckeeps the oil-tube B relatively cool, and it will be noted that the areaof combustion and intense heat is entirely beyond the burner itself, thecurrents of air or air and steam, as the case may be, tending to absorband remove the heat from the burner.

The air-induction tube C performs another important function in that itaffords a clear view of the central area of combustion, no peep-holes orother expedients for observation being necessary.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of an oil-supply pipe, aninduction-tube concentric therewith and surrounding the same and havingbeveled annular edge, an en d piece on one end of said induction-tubehaving a flaring outer end, a jacket adjustably secured to the oppositeend of said induction-tube and having at its outer end an annularinwardly-projecting edge beveled, means for supporting the oil-supplypipe near opposite ends of the induction-tube, means for introducingsteam or air under pressure in the said jacket, said beveled edgesforming means for discharging the same from said jacket in the form of ahollow cone whose apex isin line with the axisof the supply-pipe,substantially as described.

2f In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of an oil-supply pipe, anair-induction tube surrounding the same, a iiaring outer end pieceadjustably mounted on said inductiontube and supporting one end of thesaid supply-pipe, a jacket adj ustably mounted on and surrounding theinner end of said air-induction tube, said jacket being formed with anannular chamber having an annular opening the edges of which areinclined to the axis of the oil-pipe and air-induction tube, and meansIOO IIO

for introducing steam or air under pressure 3. In a hydrocarbon-burner,the combination of the oil-supply pipe, the flaring end piece on theair-tube, formed With the central bearing, the air-induction tube, theadjustable jacket, formed with the chamber and annular opening at itsextreme outer end and inclined toward the axial center of thesupply-pipe, and means for introducing steam or air under pressuredirectlyinto diametrically oppositie sides of said chamber, for thepurpose and substantially in the manner described.

4. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of the oil-supply pipe,formed with the screw-thread, the flaring end piece, formed with thecentral threaded bearing, the airinduction tube on Which said end pieceis adjust-ably mounted, the neutralizing and supporting screws, thejacket adjustably mounted on the induction-tube and formed With thechamber, having the annular opening, and means for introducing steam orair under pressure into diametrically opposite sides of said chambersubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a hydrocarbonsburner, the combination of the oil-supply pipe, theunion attached thereto and provided with the plug, in line with saidoil-pipe, the air-induction tube, and flaring end piece surrounding saidoil-pipe, the jacket adjustably mounted on the induction-tube and formedWith the chamber, and the annular openings, and means for introducingsteam or air under pressure into diametricall y opposite sides of saidchamber, for the purpose and substantially in the manner described.

6. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination of the oil-supply pipe, theair-induction tube, surrounding said oil-pipe, said air-induction tube,having its inner end formed With a beveled edge, and being reduced inexternal diameter as far as the screw-thread, the jacket adj ustablymounted on the induction-tube and formed with the beveled edge, andhaving its internal diameter increased as far back as the screw-thread,to form the chamber, and means for introducing steam or air underpressure into said chamber, for the purpose and substantially in themanner described.

7. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination ot the graduated valve, andoil-supply pipe, the union, the oil-pipe, the air-induction tube, thejacket adj ustably mounted on the inductionstube and formed with thechamber, and annular opening, and the valve, and counections withopposite sides of said chamber for supplying steam or air under pressureto said chamber, for the purpose and substantially in the mannerdescribed.

8. In a hydrocarbon-burner, the combination With the induction-tubeprovided with the tubular portion and having a Haring end having centralbearings, of an oil-supply tube supported concentrically Within saidtubular portion at one end in said bearing, and radially-disposed screwsadjustable in said induction-tube near its other end for centralizingsaid supply-tube, a jacket adjustably mounted on and surrounding thedischarge end of said tubular portion forming a sur rounding cham berwith inclined outlet, a pipe provided with a valve and connected with asource of air or steam supply and coupling and branch pipes leading fromopposite sides of said pipe to opposite sides of the said jacket andsupported therein, all substantially as and for the purpose specified.

HUDSON R. SEARING.

Witnesses:

D. W. GARDNER, Guo. MIATT.

